A contemporary look at culture: trends and new visions

Abstract

Este arti?culo es una reflexio?n abordando el estudio de la especificidad de la cultura, su funcio?n como elemento de transformacio?n, en correspondencia con los procesos de cambio que se operan de continuo en lo social, lo poli?tico, lo econo?mico, lo cienti?fico-tecnolo?gico, las comunicaciones y otras, al interior de la propia cultura. De modo que la sistematizacio?n de la cultura se concibe, se plasma y funciona en correspondencia con su praxis, asi? mismo, de continuo renovada. Se presentan diferentes posiciones epistemolo?gicas y filoso?ficas que obligan a considerar que el sujeto social, es constructor de su autodesarrollo, para sen?alar que el a?mbito restringido de las ciencias sociales, necesita ampliar las reflexiones, estudiar al ser humano desde su esencia social, sus interacciones y comportamientos. Los me?todos que se emplearon en este estudio se sustentan bajo el paradigma hermene?utico, que permitio? estructurar los me?todos teo?ricos y empi?ricos, los teo?ricos son: Histo?rico lo?gico, induccio?n-deduccio?n, ana?lisis-si?ntesis, siste?mico-estructural. A trave?s del Ana?lisis documental. El desarrollo te?cnico-metodolo?gico y el escaso desenvolvimiento del pensamiento de las ciencias sociales, muestra una tendencia a exaltar el papel del saber hacer, sobre el saber pensar, desarticulando la realidad del hombre y la cultura en los diferentes ritmos temporales, al interior de cada momento histo?rico o en la perspectiva longitudinal del mundo de la vida. En su dina?mica de concrecio?n-derivacio?n, la cultura sedimenta un conocimiento que se proyecta y actu?a sobre la propia realidad o sea, de la realidad hacia la cultura, movilizando su pensamiento (teori?as, discursos, me?todos, paradig- mas, y otros.) de modo que resulte actualizado, renovado, productivo permanentemente.

Palabras clave: Cultura, identidad cultural, globalizacio?n, desarrollo.

This paper is aimed as an insightful look at the definition of culture, in accordance with the processes of change that operate continuously in social, political, economic, both scientific and technological, communications and other areas which define culture. The systematization of culture is conceived, is embodied and works in correspondence with its praxis, likewise, continuously renewed and reevaluated to form part of the culture. Different epistemological and philosophical points of view on how a social individual builds his own self-development, are presented in this study. The aforementioned indicates that the limited scope of Social Sciences needs to expand its retrospective look to study human beings from their social essence, their interactions and behaviors. The methods used were based on hermeneutics paradigms, which allowed structuring theoretical and empirical methods. The theoretical methods are Historical logic, induction, deduction, analysis-synthesis, systemic structure, through documentary analysis. Technical and methodological development, as well as the limited development of thinking in Social Sciences, show a tendency to emphasize the role of “knowing how to do” over “knowing how to think”, breaking man’s perception on reality and culture in the different time periods within each his- historical moment or longitudinal perspective of the world of lifetime. In its dynamicity and derived realization, culture settles knowledge projecting and acting on reality itself, which means from reality to culture, mobilizing its thinking (theories, discourses, methods, paradigms, and others) so resulting updated, renovated and productive permanently.

Keywords: Culture, Cultural Identity, Globalization, Development