TRES FORMAS DE LIBERTAD: HAYEK, BERLI?N Y RAWLS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21803/pensam.v9i17.65Palavras-chave:
Libertad; Ética; Coacción; Racionalismo; Freedom; Ethics; Coercion; RationalismResumo
Arti?culo de reflexio?n. La libertad –su ejercicio y su titularidad– ha sido un tema recurrente en el pensamiento a lo largo de la Historia. No obstante, cada autor que se ha acercado a ella la ha interpretado de un modo distinto; incluso dentro de la misma escuela de pensamiento. Asi? las cosas, este estudio pretende contraponer y enfrentar la diferente visio?n que de la libertad han tenido tres de los intelectuales ma?s influyentes del siglo XX: F. Hayek, Isaiah Berlin y J. Rawls. Esta contraposicio?n doctrinal permitira? concluir que la libertad liberal bascula entre la autoderminacio?n y el reconocimiento. A trave?s de los principales tex- tos originales de los tres autores mencionados y de otros y utilizando una metodologi?a anali?tica-comparativa, se logran perfilar los distintos contornos de la libertad liberal y sus vi?nculos con la autodeterminacio?n y el reconocimiento debido.
Palabras clave: Libertad, E?tica, Coaccio?n, Racionalismo.
Abstract
Freedom – its exercise and its ownership- has been a recurring theme throughout the history of thought. Nonetheless, each author who has approached it has interpreted it in a different way, even within the same school of thought. Thus, this study aims at comparing and contrasting the different visions of freedom of three of the most influential intellectuals of the twentieth century: F. Hayek, Isaiah Berlin, and J. Rawls. This comparison of doctrines will lead to the conclusion that liberal freedom shifts between self-determination and recognition. Through the major texts of the three authors and others, and using an analytical-comparative methodology, the article manages to outline the different shapes of liberal freedom and its links with self-determination and recognition.
Keywords: Freedom, Ethics, Coercion, Rationalism.
Resumo
A Liberdade -seu exerci?cio e posse- tem sido um tema recorrente no pensamento ao longo da histo?ria. Entretanto, cada autor se aproximou a ela com uma interpretac?a?o a sua maneira diferente, inclusive dentro da mesma escola de pensamento. Assim, este estudo tem o objetivo de oporse e confrontar as diferentes viso?es que a liberdade teve a partir de tre?s dos intelectuais mais influentes do se?culo XX: F. Hayek, Isaiah Berlin e J. Rawls. Esta oposic?a?o doutrinal permite concluir que as liberdades liberais oscilam entre a autoderminac?a?o e o reconhecimento. Atrave?s dos principais textos originais destes tre?s autores entre outros, e usando uma metodologia de ana?lise comparativa se consegue um esboc?o dos diferentes contornos da liberdade liberal e de suas ligac?o?es com a autodeterminac?a?o e o devido reconhecimento.
Palavras-chave: Liberdade, E?tica, Coerc?a?o, o Racionalismo.
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Referências
(1) Berlin, I. (1993). Cuatro ensayos sobre la libertad. Madrid: Alianza Editorial.
(2) Hayek, F. (1995). Camino de servidumbre. Madrid: Alianza Editorial.
(3) Hayek, F. (2011). The constitution of liberty: the definitive edition. London: University of Chicago Press.
(4) Hodgson, G. M. (2011). ¿Qué son las instituciones? Revista CS, en Ciencias Sociales, 8, 17-53.
(5) Nozick, R. (1988). Anarquía, Estado y Utopía. Fondo de Cultura Económica, S.A.
(6) Rawls, J. (1979). Teoría de la justicia. México: Fondo de Cultura Económica.
(7) Rawls, J. (1996). Justicia como equidad: materiales para una teoría de la justicia. Madrid: Tecnos, D.L.
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